The Fiat 500 is a two-door, four-passenger, transverse front-engine, front wheel drive A-segment city car manufactured and marketed by the Fiat subdivision of FCA since 2007 in hatchback coupé and fixed-profile cabriolet body styles, over a single generation -- and available in European markets beginning with model year 2016 with its first facelift. The 500 is internally designated as the Type 312 by FCA.
Derived from the 2004 Fiat Trepiùno 3+1 concept (designed by Roberto Giolito), the 500's styling recalls Fiat's 1957 Fiat 500, nicknamed the Bambino -- a model that was designed and engineered by Dante Giacosa with more than 4 million sold over its 18-year (1957-1975) production span.
Translated from concept to production design under the design direction of Frank Stephenson, the 500 features Dante Giacosa's 1964 breakthrough front-wheel drive breakthrough layout -- which ultimately became an industry standard, the layout "adopted by virtually every other manufacturer in the world" for front-wheel drive
The 500 uses Fiat's Multiair hydraulically actuated variable valve timing (VVT) engine technology, winner of the 2010 International Engine of the Year as well as Popular Science's Best of What's New.
Announced on May 5, 2006, photographs of the 500 were presented on March 20, 2007, officially debuting on July 4, 2007, with 250,000 people in attendance and with new models prominently displayed in 30 Italian cities.
Manufactured in Tychy, Poland and Toluca, Mexico, the 500 is marketed in more than 100 countries worldwide, including North America, where the 500 marked Fiat's market return after 27 years. With the millionth Fiat 500 produced in 2012; and production reaching 2 million in 2017, after 10 years, the 500 has won more than 40 major awards, including the CAR Magazine Car of the Year (2007) and the World's Most Beautiful Automobile. In 2009, an art installation designed by architect Fabio Novembre featured 20 full-size fiberglass replicas of the Fiat 500C, shaped as planters, along Milan's famous Via Monte Napoleone.
Video Fiat 500 (2007)
Development
Driven by the tremendous success of the Smart Fortwo, especially in Italy, Fiat began examining a variety of small car concepts "to regain its small-car crown," -- developing an "intense interest at producing a Smart (Fortwo) competitor" -- and concluding that "most customers want more than just the Smart's two seats."
The 2004 Fiat Trepiùno concept, from which the 500 derives, was introduced at the 74th Geneva Motorshow -- designed at Centro Stile Fiat by Roberto Giolito in a style strongly reminiscent of the original Fiat 5001957.
The name "Trepiùno" is a contraction of "tre più uno", or "three plus one" in Italian; as the design accommodates three adults and one child -- by reducing requirements ahead of the front passenger (with high-tech, space-saving, thin materials), sliding the front passenger forward, and positioning the third adult directly behind the passenger, allowing a fourth, smaller, occasional passenger to sit behind the driver.
The concept design was translated into the 2007 production model under the direction of Frank Stephenson. According to Stephenson, aerodynamic concerns were paramount with the new 500, saying we preferred the look without the spoiler as on the original Nuova 500. Nonetheless, the small rear spoiler at the top of the rear hatch provides a CD of .32 -- where without the spoiler the drag coefficient would have been 0.40.
The 500 uses a widened variant of the Fiat Mini platform.
Maps Fiat 500 (2007)
Models
In addition to the distinct 500C (cabrio), Abarth (full sport) and 500e (electric) models, the 500 is marketed variously around the globe with other trim levels -- for example, the Sport and Turbo trim levels in the United States, and the Pop Star trim levels in Europe.
500C (2009-)
The fixed-profile convertible variant of the 500 debuted at the Geneva Motor Show in March 2009 designated the 500C (C for Cabrio), historically recalling the fixed-profile convertible of the original 1957 Fiat 500 -- as well as similar fixed-profile convertibles such as the Citroën DS 3 (2013), Nissan Figaro (1991), Citroën 2CV (1948-1990) and the Nash Rambler Convertible "Landau" Coupe (1950).
The 500C features fully stamped body-side panels retaining the hatchback 500's profile (door frames, roof pillars and side windows) to increase structural rigidity, reduce scuttle shake, and retain side and curtain airbags -- in trade for a less open experience than a fully pillarless convertible. Weighing 40 kg (88lbs) more than its hatchback counterpart, the 500C features a slightly longer windshield than the hatchback, with a concealed and reinforced upper structural cross-member; a stronger front cross-member behind the instrument panel; a rear strut on which the retracted roof folds; reinforced B-pillars; and the rear anti-roll bar setup from the Abarth, high performance model.
The top itself is a dual-layer, three-position power-retractable cloth top with a glass rear window, electric defroster and an integrated color-matched spoiler with a center high-mounted stop lamp that remains visible with the top in any position. The top retracts in three stages: over the two front passengers, over all four passengers (to the rear spoiler) and fully retracted with its stack folded behind the rear head restraints just above the rear cargo opening. The top is controlled either via the key remote or by open/close buttons at the windshield header adjacent to the interior ceiling light and retracts to the first two stages at speeds up to 60 kph (37 mph), to its third stage at up to 50 mph -- and is available in black, tan or red.
With its 50/50 split-fold rear seats in their upright position, the 500C rear cargo capacity is reduced from 9 cubic feet to 5.4 feet compared to the hatchback -- offering 23.4 cubic feet cargo volume with the 50/50 split-fold rear seats folded. At its rear trunk lid, the 500C features "parallelogram" liftgate hinges. When the rear cargo lid is opened while top is fully lowered, the top automatically closes partly -- for greater cargo access. Because of limited rear visibility, 500C models are equipped with an ultrasonic rear park assist system to audibly indicate obstacles when backing.
Abarth 500 (2008-)
The Abarth 500 is a performance model of the Fiat 500 tuned in-house by FCA's Abarth subsidiary. It was unveiled at the 78th Geneva Motor Show, a year after the rebirth of Abarth brand and company. All models use a turbocharged and intercooled version of the 1.4 L Fire I4 petrol engine.
The Abarth 500's 1.4 L engine is equipped with an IHI RHF3-P turbocharger, and is rated at 135 PS (99 kW; 133 hp) at 5500 rpm and 180 N·m (130 lb·ft) (206 N·m (152 lb·ft) in sport mode) torque at 3000 rpm. It includes a five-speed C510 transmission, low ride suspension, electric power steering with sport setting, 6.5 x 16" aluminium alloy rim with 195/45 R16 tyres and four-wheel disc brakes (front ventilated). Interior includes turbo pressure gauge, gear shift indicator, aluminum foot pedals, Blue&Me entertainment system with telemetry and GPS. The car costs £13,600 in the UK. A 5-speed semi-automatic transmission (called MTA) is available as an alternative to the manual transmission.
The Abarth version of the 500C (cabriolet) was unveiled at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show. Abarth 500C has top speed of 205 km/h (127 mph) and it can accelerate from 0-100 km/h (0-62 mph) in 8.1 seconds.
Fiat 500e (2013-)
The design of production Fiat 500e is based on Fiat 500 Elettra. The vehicle was unveiled in November 2012 Los Angeles Auto Show, followed by Frankfurt Motor Show 2013.
Deliveries began in California by July 2013, and around 645 units were sold in the U.S. in 2013. The American rollout is scheduled to continue to other states with mandates of sales of zero emission vehicles, but Fiat-Chrysler does not have plans to make the 500e available in Europe. About 16,549 units have been sold in the U.S. through May 2016. The Fiat 500e was only sold in California and Oregon. Sergio Marchionne reported that Fiat loses $14,000 on every 500e it sells, and only produces the cars because state rules require it. The 500e are assembled at Fiat's Toluca plant in Mexico.
- Specifications
The 500e is powered by a 111 hp (83 kW) and 147 lb·ft (199 N·m) permanent-magnet, three-phase synchronous drive electric motor, and its 24 kWh liquid-cooled/heated li-ion battery delivers a range of 80 mi (130 km), and up to 100 mi (160 km) in city driving according to Chrysler. The official U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) range is 87 mi (140 km). Charge time is less than four hours with the Level 2 (240 volt) on-board charging module. Under its five-cycle testing, the EPA rated the 500e combined fuel economy at 116 miles per gallon gasoline equivalent (MPGe) (2.0 L/100 km equivalent), 122 MPGe (1.9 L/100 km equivalent) in city driving and 108 MPGe (2.4 L/100 km equivalent) on the highway.
Designers and engineers of the Fiat 500e worked to minimize drag while keeping the iconic styling of the conventional powered Fiat 500. For the 500e to achieve a 0.311 coefficient of drag (Cd), as compared to the 2013 Fiat 500 Lounge model's 0.359 Cd, eight exterior refinements were developed in the wind tunnel to enable the 48 count drag reduction. The result of hours of wind-tunnel testing allowed the 500e to achieve an additional five miles of range compared to its gasoline-powered sibling. Among these changes are front fascia sealing, aerodynamically optimized front fascia design, drag reducing rear fascia design, liftgate-mounted aerodynamic spoiler, and Under vehicle bellypans.
Fiat describes the 500e's unique exterior design as retro-futuristic, and the vehicle has a smartphone app that notifies the owner of the vehicle's status. Behind the steering wheel the 500e has an all-new 7-inch thin-film transistor (TFT) display to provide increased functionality with more intuitively delivered information of the power gauge, driving range and state of charge. In addition, the new Electronic Vehicle Information Center (EVIC) utilizes its full-color capabilities with the use of picture graphics to illustrate vehicle functions including a trip computer, tire-pressure monitoring and vehicle status messaging system. The available TomTom navigation pairs with the Fiat 500e's standard BLUE&ME Handsfree Communication technology and features a 4.3-inch touchscreen display mounted on top of the instrument panel.
- Pricing
The Fiat 500e pricing starts at US$32,500 including a US$700 destination charge and before any applicable government incentives. Leasing is available with a down payment of US$999 due at signing and US$199 per month lease for 36 months. The leasing pricing is the same as the current lease offer on a gasoline-powered Fiat 500 Pop.
In April 2013, Fiat North America announced that to avoid range anxiety concerns and allow customers to cover longer travel distances, each 500e purchase will include the use of rental vehicles for up to 12 days a year for free through the first three years of ownership. The program, called ePass, entitles 500e owners to a business account with enough points to rent a gasoline-powered standard car with Enterprise Holdings, which owns Enterprise Rent-A-Car, National Car Rental and Alamo Rent a Car. Fiat will deposit additional points the following two years to extend the program. The gasoline-powered cars available for the ePass program are the Fiat 500, the upcoming Fiat 500L, the Dodge Dart or the Chrysler 200. Customers will also have the option to upgrade to a larger vehicle such as a minivan or a pickup truck subject to terms of the program.
Some electric cars depreciate more rapidly than conventionally powered cars and trucks, according to NerdWallet if depreciation is calculated based on the pre-tax credit price. For all-electric cars depreciation varies between 60% to 75% in three years. In contrast, most conventionally powered vehicles in the same period depreciate between 45% to 50%. Wholesale prices of used three-year old Fiat 500e can be around $5,000, while retail they are $10,000.
- Recall
In August 2013 Chrysler issued a recall to replace bolts that secure the Fiat 500e half drive shafts. The recall is not related to the 500e's electric powertrain and affected 291 model year 2013 Fiat 500e electric cars, including vehicles at dealer's lots. When an investigation was launched after a customer's 500e exhibited power loss, engineers discovered two assembly steps had not been properly completed, thereby creating a condition that could lead to half shaft separation. Fiat 500e owners affected by the recall will receive free rental vehicles while their electric cars are being repaired at no charge.
2016 facelift
For MY 2016 Fiat 500 and Fiat 500C received a facelift including redesigned grille and reshaped headlights incorporating daytime running lights with LED technology; revised 15" and 16" alloy wheels; new paint colors, rear bumper chrome strip with fog lights and rear tail lights featured integrated LED's. Interiors have revised controls and a redesigned steering wheel. Available trims are Pop, Pop Star and Lounge. Three engines are available in Europe: 1.2 petrol, 0.9 Twin Air petrol in either 85 or 105 hp setup, all Euro 6 emission compliant.
The facelifted 500 (and in some markets, the 1957 Edition) were introduced with strong product placement tie-ins with Charlie Puth's debut single, Marvin Gaye -- in both the song's video as well as prominent print advertising.
Specifications
Engines
FCA launched the 500 with three Euro5-compliant engines: two petrol/gasoline and one diesel engine. The 1.3 Multijet was equipped with a diesel particulate filter (DPF). Despite the 500's name, which originally corresponded to its engine displacement, the lowest displacement is 1242 cc with 69 metric horsepower (PS), notably larger and more powerful than both the original 5001957-1975 and the Cinquecento1991-1998.
A smaller, turbocharged two-cylinder Twinair engine with 85 PS was later unveiled at the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, entering production the following year. The TwinAir received the Best New Engine Award for 2011 and was marketed the "world's greenest petrol engine," based on official Euro test cycle data for emissions and fuel consumption.
A naturally aspirated version of the TwinAir was introduced later with larger bore and longer stroke, a displacement of 964 cc (0.964 L; 58.8 cu in) and a higher compression ratio. This engine delivers 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp). Availability is limited to selected markets, e.g., the Netherlands.
The 105PS 0.9 TwinAir engine model was unveiled in Frankfurt Motor Show 2013.
Fuel consumption (EC 1999/100)
Fuel consumption (EPA)
Safety
The new 500 has seven airbags in all models and available ABS brakes, ESP (electronic stability program), ASR (antislip regulation), HBA (hydraulic brake assistance) and hill holder. The 500 was awarded five stars by EuroNCAP, succeeding the BMW MINI as the shortest car to have a five-star rating. Fiat also said that the 500 was engineered so that it would have achieved a six-star rating had EuroNCAP adopted this classification.
The Fiat 500 passed the Euro NCAP car safety tests with following ratings:
The car was named "Worst Car For Passenger Injuries" in a study by a US based insurance group analysed rates for Personal Injury Protection (PIP) and Medical Payments (MedPay) policies, which cover payouts to injured passengers.
The Fiat 500 also scored "Poor" in small overlap crash testing by the IIHS
- 1 vehicle structure rated "Poor"
- 2 strength-to-weight ratio: 6.16
The side impact safety of the 500 has improved in newer models :
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Security
The Fiat 500 has remote locking and an immobiliser as standard. The Fiat 500 was tested by Thatcham's New Vehicle Security Ratings (NVSR) organisation and achieved the following ratings:
Special editions
- 500 Start&Stop
The 500 Start&Stop is a model based on the 1.2 Lounge, with the start stop system, designed and supplied by Bosch and Fiat Powertrain Technologies, stops the engine automatically whenever traffic conditions bring the car to a complete stop, and restarts it when the driver wants to move off again. The car reduces fuel consumption by up to 12% over a regular 1.2 Lounge in urban driving, with 113g/km CO2 emission. Other standard features include hands-free telecommunications and entertainment system. It costs GB£11,300 in the UK.
- 500 PUR-O2 (2008-)
The 500 PUR-O2 is based on the Fiat 500 Start&Stop, but also includes an Eco Drive system. Beginning in January 2009, a Dualogic transmission option is also available. The vehicle was unveiled in 2008 Paris Motor Show.
- 500 by Diesel (2008-2009)
In 2008, Fiat launched a special edition 'By Diesel' 500. In a partnership with Fiat and Italian clothing brand Diesel, with a production run of 10,000 planned. The 500 by Diesel is available in a choice of three exclusive colours, and can be distinguished from standard 500s by unique alloy wheels, 'Diesel' logos and burnished metal bumper and side-rub inserts. The interior features denim upholstery with coloured stitching and a 'Diesel' branded gear knob. The 500 by Diesel is based on the 500 Sport, using the same 1.2 L petrol, 1.4 L petrol and 1.3 L diesel engines.
- 500 Aria (2008)
The 500 Aria is a concept car based on the 1.3 L Diesel vehicle, but with diesel particulate filter, Stop & Start system, Dualogic transmission, recycled rubber floor from used tires, recycled and woven leather upholstery (mataleather) by Matamata, Ecolabel polyester fabrics by Apollo company. The vehicle was unveiled in 2008 Geneva Motor Show.
- Ferrari version (2008)
The Ferrari version is a limited edition model (200 units) of the 1.4 (100 bhp) Sport, mainly used by Ferrari dealers as courtesy cars for owners to use while their Ferraris are being serviced. It includes red body, aluminum pedals, red brake calipers, 16-inch wheels with 195/45 tires, sporty steering wheel and a few tuning and exhaust modifications. Sixty of the Ferrari edition cars were shipped to the UK.
- Felipe Massa version (2008)
The Felipe Massa version is a customized 1.4 Sport presented to Formula 1 driver Felipe Massa. It includes a 1.4 L engine rated at 120 PS (88 kW; 120 hp), Pearl White body, brown Cordura interior trim, a Skydome electric sunroof, 16 inch alloy wheel with diamond alloy finish, red brake callipers. The vehicle was unveiled in Monte Carlo (Monaco).
- Barbie version (2009)
A special edition of the 500 designed to commemorate the 50th anniversary of toy icon Barbie. Created by Fiat Centro Stile and Mattel, the car was unveiled on March 9, 2009, in Milan's fashion district, and parked at the entrance to La Rinascente department store, in Piazza Duomo, where German singer Nena performed live in the background. The 500 Barbie Edition will also be making an appearance at Fiat UK's flagship store at Marylebone in London.
- Pink (2010)
A limited edition 500, featured in pink, based on the 1.2 Lounge.
- BlackJack (2010)
A limited edition 500 in a special Satin Black paint. It is the first vehicle in the small car segment to feature this unique paint finish. Other special features include:
- Mouldings, door handles, door mirrors and plate holder in metallic effect
- 16-inch alloy wheels in matt black with red coach line
- Red brake callipers (1.4 only)
- Special carpet mats
- 500 by Gucci (2011-);
The Fiat 500 by Gucci was a version of the Fiat 500 celebrating 150 years since the unification of Italy and Gucci's 90th anniversary. Customized by Gucci Creative Director Frida Giannini in partnership with Fiat's Centro Stile, it included choice of 2 body colours (black, white), custom rims for 195/45 R16 wheels, and a red and green stripe around the car. The black version has detailing in metallic chrome with a sharp black and white for a contemporary and sporty feel, whilst the white version with satin chrome detailing and ivory and black interior creates a softer look. Versions with the 1.4 litre engine include rear brake calipers in Gucci green.There is also a cabriolet version of the Gucci, called 500C by Gucci. It included a choice of two body colours (white with matte chrome-plated elements, glossy black with shiny chrome-plated accents), black soft top with green-red-green Gucci web pattern printed lengthwise (the same graphic pattern is sported on the side of the car), 16-inch alloy wheels, two-tone Frau leather seats with Guccissima print.
The hatchback version was unveiled in metropolitan cities such as Paris, London and Tokyo, followed by a European commercial launch in July. Production order was available between April 1 and June 30 in Europe, and become available in the rest of the world at the end of 2011. In 2011 the car made its U.S. debut at the New York Fashion Week.
The convertible version began to be available to order in August 2011. As part of the product launch, beginning on 19 August, 500C by Gucci car took tour in Saint Tropez (from 19 to 27 August) followed by Berlin (8-14 September), Barcelona (25 September - 2 October), London (16-23 October) and Geneva (23-30 October). In Italy, the tour started from Forte dei Marmi (22-28 August) and then reach Rome (4-11 September), Florence (19-26 September) and Milan (8-16 October).
- Fiat 500 "First Edition" (2011)
It is a limited (100 units) version of Fiat 500 Lounge with 1.4 litre MultiAir 101 HP engine, for China market. The vehicles came in 5 designs from 5 different Chinese designers.
Leilei's car incorporated elements from national popular culture.
Mee Wong (illustrator and teacher at the Guangzhou Art Institute)'s car is inspired by panda.
Benny Luk's car combines graphics and web design.
Visual artist Nod Young produced the 4th design.
Illustrator Yan Wei's car incorporates traditional Chinese patterns.
Orders for a Fiat 500 from July 12 to September 15 took part in a final draw entitling them to replace the car they ordered with a Fiat 500 "First Edition".
- 500 "America" (2012)
A total of 500 coupés and 500 convertible versions were available in the European market that were inspired by the United States where Fiat 500 sales began in 2011, and where Fiat's collaboration with the American pop singer Jennifer Lopez started. The "America" model includes mirror covers with "Stars & Stripes" graphics, stickers, dedicated beltline and 16" alloy rims with red cap edge, an interior of red/ivory seats and contrasting white dashboard, manual air conditioning, and exterior chrome-plated trim. The coupe model also includes metallic shade America Blue body.
The first car was won by Adelheid D. Kieper from Rosche, Germany, in a TwitBid campaign.
- Fiat 500 Vintage 57 (2015)
The special edition, marketed variously as the Vintage 57 (Europe) or as the 1957 Edition (North America), features exterior paint in Bianco (white), Verde Chiaro (light green) or Celeste Blue (pastel sky blue) combined with a white roof and mirror caps; brown leather upholstery and color-matched (in US, white elsewhere) 16-inch forged aluminum wheels, retro-styled with a wide chromed lip, body-color accent and large center cap with historic "FIAT" emblem -- the design mimicking chrome hubcaps. The Vintage '57 500c features a dual-layer power-operated cloth top. The front hood and rear tailgate also feature the historic "FIAT" emblems, as well.
- Fiat 500 Ron Arad Edition
This version of the Fiat 500 features a silhouette of the historic Nuova 500 on its side panels. Interior includes black-ivory Poltrona Frau leather upholstery. Available only in Crossover Black Metallic with white trim.
- 500 Riva (2017)
This is a special edition of the facelift Fiat 500 that showcases the Riva yacht brand, which is owned by the Ferretti Group. It features special Sera Blue paint with a contrasting double aquamarine line running around the waist of the car. The interior continues the luxury yacht theme, with ivory leather seats complemented by mahogany wood trim running across the dashboard. The Riva special edition is available in both hatchback and 500C convertible variants.
Abarth special editions
- Abarth 500 Opening Edition
The 500 Abarth Opening Edition is a limited production model (100 cars) for the Italian market. It includes the upgrades found in the 500 Abarth Esseesse. The car is available in two colours (Campovolo grey or pearlised White), while there is also the option of special stickers including a red chequered flag on the roof (exclusive to the Campovolo Grey shade) that pays homage to the numerous sporting victories of the Abarth brand.
- Abarth 500 Assetto Corse
Unveiled in 2008 Paris Auto Show, the 500 Abarth Assetto Corse is a limited production model (49 cars), designed by the Fiat Group Automobiles Style Centre and produced by a team of Abarth Engineers and Designers. Engine is rated at 200 PS (150 kW; 200 hp) at 6500 rpm and 300 N·m (220 lb·ft) at 3000 rpm. It includes white 17-inch (430 mm) special ultralight racing wheels, low ride, sports racing mirrors and a place for a number on the sides, pastel grey body with red Abarth side stripes.
- Abarth 695 "Tributo Ferrari" (2009)
The Abarth 695 "Tributo Ferrari" is a limited edition version developed in collaboration with engineers from Ferrari based on Abarth 500. The 1.4 Turbo T-Jet 16v engine is further developed and uses a different Garrett turbocharger. Rated at over 180 PS (130 kW; 180 hp). It includes a MTA (Manual Transmission Automated) electromechanical transmission with paddle shifter, unique to this version 17 inch alloy wheels with performance tyres, Brembo 284 mm (11.2 in) multi-section discs with fixed 4-piston calipers, "Record Monza" variable back-pressure "dual mode" exhaust, Scuderia Red body with Racing Grey wheels and rear air intakes, Magneti Marelli Automotive Lighting xenon headlights, "Abarth Corsa by Sabelt" seats in black leather upholstery with carbon fibre shell and seat base, black leather steering wheel with red leather inserts and a tricolour hub, Jaeger instrument panel, non-slip aluminium foot wells, Scorpion racing pedals, special kick plates and a plate bearing the vehicle series number. This version will eventually be released also in blue, yellow and grey. The vehicle was unveiled in 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show.
- Abarth 500 SpeedGrey (2009)
The Abarth 500 "SpeedGrey" is a very limited edition version model (10 cars only) produced by Neubauer, the official Abarth distributor in France, exclusively for the French market. Starting from the "Esseesse" version of the Abarth 500, Neubauer added the "Record Monza" variable back-pressure "dual mode" exhaust system (boosting output to 165 PS (121 kW; 163 hp)), as well as a pair of "Abarth Corsa by Sabelt" seats in black leather upholstery with carbon fibre shell and seat base. Tinted windows were added, along with the Blue&Me GPS system. Finally, Neubauer repainted the car in a special "Maserati Grey" paint.
- Abarth 500 "Cabrio Italia" (2011)
Abarth 500 "Cabrio Italia" is a limited (150 units) model commemorating 150th anniversary of Italian unity, unveiled at the 2011 64th Frankfurt International Motor Show. It includes the 1.4 Turbo T-Jet engine from the Abarth Esseesse, 5-speed manual gearbox, Torque Transfer Control device, Esseesse brake system, Abarth Corsa by Sabelt natural leather seats, Blu Abu Dhabi shade dashboard, Abarth Blue&Me MAP satellite navigation unit with a telemetric function developed by Magneti Marelli, black leather with double stitching steering wheel, magnesium shade mirror covers, 10-spoke 17" rims with diamond effect, yellow Brembo front callipers.
- Abarth 695 Competizione (2011)
Abarth 695 Competizione is inspired by Abarth 500 Assetto Corsa, which debuted at the 2011 Frankfurt International Motor Show together with the Cabrio Italia. It includes only 2 seats with rear roll bar, Grigio Competizione Opaco body colour, Abarth Corsa by Sabelt seats in black leather with Alcantara red inserts and a carbon fibre shell and seat base, black leather steering wheel 5-speed "Abarth Competizione" gearshift paddles, instrument panel made by Jaeger, Abarth Blue&Me MAP satellite navigation unit with a telemetric function developed by Magneti Marelli, Abrath logo racing pedals, Xenon headlights with dipped and main beam functions, 17-inch rims from Abarth 695 Tributo Ferrari, red Brembo brake calipers and hub cap, 1.4 Turbo T-Jet engine rated 180 PS (130 kW; 180 hp), Abarth Competizione electromechanical transmission, Brembo 305 mm disc brakes with fixed four-piston caliper disc and special shock absorbers, Record Monza variable back-pressure "dual mode" exhaust.
- Abarth 595
In 2012 the Abarth range was enlarged with the addition of the 135-160-180 PS (99-118-132 kW; 133-158-178 hp) Abarth 595. Four versions are available, both with either manual or MTA transmission and in hatchback or cabriolet body style: Custom, Turismo, Competizione, Kit Elaborazione.
The Abarth 595 Custom is the launch version with 135 hp. The Abarth 595 Turismo features standard leather upholstery, upgraded dampers and climate ccontrol, Xenon headlights and Alutex interior details. The sportier Abarth 595 Competizione replaces leather seats with Sabelt cloth sport seats and Alutex with aluminium, while adding pcross-drilled brakes and the Record Monza dual-mode exhaust. The Kit Abarth Elaborazione 595 is a powerful kit for the Custom version, with 160 hp engine, BMC Air sport filter, Koni FSD suspensions, Eibach low springs and new badge 595.
- Abarth 695 Tributo Maserati (2012)
It is a limited (499 vehicles) version of Abarth 500C convertible with 1.4 Turbo T-Jet 16v engine rated 180 PS (130 kW; 180 hp), 5-speed electrically operated manual Abarth Competizione gearbox with steering wheel controls, Maserati "Neptune" 17" alloy wheels with performance tyres, Brembo 305 mm brake discs with fixed four-piston caliper and special shock absorbers, Record Modena variable back-pressure "dual mode" exhaust, Pontevecchio Bordeaux body colour, Xenon headlights with dipped and driving light functions, sand beige Poltrona Frau leather seats with containment strips featuring single-layer padding and the pista grey contrasting electro-welding, black leather steering wheel, aluminium pedal unit and sill plate, carbon fibre kick plate, boosted hi-fi audio system.
The vehicle was unveiled at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show.
- Abarth 595 '50th Anniversary' (2013-)
It is a limited (299 vehicles) version of the Abarth 595 commemorating 50th anniversary of original Fiat-Abarth 595, with 180 PS (132 kW; 178 hp) 1.4 T-Jet engine, Abarth Competizione gearbox, 17-inch alloy wheels with 695 Magnesio Grey design embellished and red liner, Brembo 305 mm floating brake discs, fixed four-piston caliper, special shock absorbers, 'Record Monza' variable back-pressure dual mode exhaust, matt three-layer white body colour, Xenon headlights with dipped and driving light functions, red leather sports seats with white inserts and red stitching, Abarth logo at black leather steering wheel with red inserts and finder and the kick plate.
The vehicle was unveiled at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show.
- Abarth 500 esseesse
The 500 Abarth esseesse is a conversion kit for the Abarth 500, to be installed within 12 months or 20,000 km (12,000 mi) of the car's first registration. Engine is upgraded to 160 PS (120 kW; 160 hp) at 5750 rpm and 206 N·m or 152 lb·ft at 3000 rpm (230 N·m or 170 lb·ft in sport mode). The kit also includes cross-drilled and ventilated 284 mm (11.2 in) x 22 mm (0.87 in) front brake discs with new pads, 240 mm (9.4 in) x 11 mm (0.43 in) cross-drilled rear brake discs, lowered springs, sport air filter, 17-inch white or titanium colour alloy wheels with 205/40 R17 tyres, tyre pressure monitoring system, and a unique key cover. The conversion costs GB£2,500 in the UK.
International markets
Mexico
The new 500 was introduced in Mexico in September 2008, powered the 1.4 L 16V 100 PS (74 kW; 99 hp) engine, transmissions are dualogic for the '500 Classic', '500 Lounge' and '500 Vintage' trims or six-speed manual gearbox for the '500 Sport' Trim. The 'Abarth 500', 'Abarth 500 esseesse', 'Abarth 500C' and the 'Abarth 695 Tributo Ferrari' variants have been sold through independent importers. Mexico became the first country in the Americas in which the new 500 is sold. As of 2011, the Fiat 500 is also manufactured in Mexico.
North America
The Fiat 500 debuted at the 2010 North American International Auto Show with production beginning in December 2010 -- effectively reintroducing the Fiat brand in the United States and Canada after 26 years.
The North American 500 is marketed in Pop, Lounge, Sport and Turbo trim levels with market-specific modifications including increased body strength; revised suspension; changes for reduced noise, vibration and harshness; BiHalogen projector headlamps and amber front and red rear sidemarker lights and reflectors on each wheel arch edge to comply with FMVSS 108; new four-wheel anti-lock disc brake system with new front calipers; larger 10.5 US gal (40 L; 9 imp gal) fuel tank; upgraded heating and cooling system; revised front seats with an armrest and seat cushion; easy entry system designed into the driver's seats; revised steering wheel controls and revised steering; a Bose branded audio system as well as a more rounded center grille and a plastic lip that wraps onto the bottom of the spoiler. FCA offers the North American 500 with either a 6-speed automatic transmission with a driver-selectable mode as well as a 5-speed manual.
Fiat began marketing the 500C in Spring 2011. The 500 Abarth is also confirmed for North American markets.
The North American 500 has a 1.4-litre Multiair engine produced at the Global Engine Manufacturing Alliance in Dundee, Michigan, United States. The engine produces 101 hp (75 kW) at 6,500 rpm and 98 lb·ft (133 N·m) at 4,000 rpm.
The US version of the 500 is rated at 38 mpg-US (6.2 L/100 km; 46 mpg-imp) highway by United States Environmental Protection Agency when equipped with the manual transmission; the 500 with the automatic transmission has a fuel mileage of 34 mpg-US (6.9 L/100 km; 41 mpg-imp) highway.
The Toluca-built version of the 500 is for sale in the U.S., Canada and Mexico and was launched in mid-2011 in Brazil and Argentina where it replaces the European version made in Poland.
For 2015 the 500 line (500, 500c, and 500/500c Abarth) received updates to its interior styling and features. The Easy model is added above the Pop model and below the Sport model. All models also now include the U Connect 5.0BT infotainment system, which features an AM-FM stereo, iPod/USB and 3.5-millimeter auxiliary audio input jacks, U Connect hands-free Bluetooth phone w/ hands-free stereo audio streaming, a five-inch color touch-screen display, and voice command, plus six speakers (six Beats premium amplified speakers on higher-end models), replacing the previous stereo, which included an AM-FM stereo, single-disc CD/MP3 player, 3.5-millimeter auxiliary audio input jack, and six speakers. A rearview backup camera with rear backup sensors is available, as well as a built-in GPS navigational system. SIRIUS-XM Satellite Radio remains an option on lower models and standard on higher-end models. The 500e electric model is not available for 2016.
Trim levels are the Easy (500 ONLY), Pop, Sport, and Abarth. The 1957 Edition is replaced by a Retro Appearance Package, which is now available on all 500 models (aside from the performance-oriented Abarth model).
The Abarth version for North America was introduced in the LA Auto Show in November 2011 with a 1.4 L turbocharged Multiair engine producing 160 hp (119 kW) and 170 lb·ft (230 N·m) of torque.
The 500 Turbo model went on sale for model year 2013 featuring a 1.4 L turbocharged Multiair engine rated 135 hp (101 kW) and 150 lb·ft (203 N·m) of torque, 16-inch aluminum wheels with Nero (black) painted pockets, semi- metallic brake linings at all four corners, larger 11.1-inch ventilated front rotors, brake calipers lacquered in Rosso (red) paint, taillamps with Gloss Black bezels, black-accented rear diffuser, choice of 7 body colours (Argento (silver), Bianco (white), Grigio (gray), Nero (black), Rame (copper), Rosso (red) and all-new Verde Azzurro (green & blue)), leather-wrapped shift knob and steering wheel with Argento (silver) stitching, a Grigio/Nero (gray/black) seating and interior environment, optional Nero/Nero (black/black) or vivid Rosso/Nero (red/black) heated leather seating, optional Beats by Dr. Dre audio system (6 premium speakers, an 8-inch dual-voice coil (DVC) subwoofer with trunk-mounted enclosure and 8-channel 368-watt amplifier with Beats Audio digital sound processing (DSP) algorithm).
U.S. special editions
- Fiat Cinquecento Prima Edizione (2010-)
It is a limited (500 units) version of Fiat 500 with 1.4L MultiAir engine, for the US market. It include a choice of 3 body colours (Bianco (White), Rosso (Red) and Grigio (Gray)), manual transmission, exclusive Prima Edizione badge, sequential VIN and badge.
- 2012 "Pink Ribbon" Edition (2011)
It is a limited (250 units) version of 2012 Fiat 500 Lounge model produced in partnership with The Breast Cancer Research Foundation. It includes a choice of Argento (silver) and Bianco (white) body, with a signature dark pink bodyside stripe, Nero leather front and rear seats with pink accent stitching on the perimeter and signature "500" logo embroidered on the front seatbacks and a pink ribbon embroidered on the floor mats, pink accents on Nero leather steering wheel.
- Fiat 500 Stinger (2012)
It is a production version of the 2011 Specialty Equipment Market Association (SEMA) Hottest Sports Compact Car award-winning car, but based on 2012 Fiat 500 Sport with 2-stage options.
Stage 1 includes Giallo (yellow) exterior body, Black Chrome exterior door handles and mirror caps, 17-inch by 7-inch Abarth Hyper Black aluminum wheels with wider 205/40 R 17 performance tires, tinted head and taillamps and license-plate brow, Mopar's vinyl bodyside and roof graphics in black checker, Mopar's Katzkin leather seats, Alcantara seat centres, Giallo black leather bolsters and Giallo accent stitching, Mopar carbon-fiber instrument panel decal, Mopar shifter ball finished in Gloss Black.
Stage 2 includes Mopar's cold-air intake and free-flowing cat-back exhaust, performance brakes with cross-drilled rotors.
- 2014 Fiat 500c GQ Edition (2014-)
It is a version of 2014 Fiat 500c produced in association with Condé Nast, with 1.4-liter MultiAir Turbo (160 hp) engine, five-speed manual transmission, 16-inch split five-spoke aluminum wheels with Hyper Nero (black) with a Rosso (red) center cap and accenting inner backbone, a cloth-top mounted spoiler, a rear-fascia diffuser with dual exhaust, Gloss Nero headlamp, taillamp and parking lamp bezels, a "GQ 500" badge located on the B-pillar, a thick-rim three-spoke steering wheel wrapped in Nero leather with a contrasting Steam (white) inner leather ring, a large concentric instrument cluster with 160-mph speedometer, tachometer and trip computer sits behind the steering wheel with a Nero leather-wrapped cluster brow finished with Tungsten accent stitching; a Nero shift knob with Tungsten accent thread stitching, satin chrome interior accents, Nero leather-wrapped tightly contoured seat bolsters, Alcantara inserts and a Steam leatherette center stripe on the seat cushion, Tungsten accent stitching and a "GQ" embossed in the seatbacks, instrument panel bezel matching body colour with a matte finish, a choice of 4 body colours (Nero Puro (straight black), Argento (silver), Granito Lucente (granite crystal) and Bianco (white)).
The vehicle was unveiled in 2013 Concorso Italiano auto show, followed by Frankfurt Motor Show 2013, 2014 Toronto Auto Show.
US model was scheduled to arrive to FIAT studios nationwide in early 2014.
- 2014 Fiat 500 1957 Edition (2014)
It is a limited version of 2014 Fiat 500 Lounge for North American market, commemorating 57th anniversary of the original 1957 "Nuova" Cinquecento. It included 1.4-liter MultiAir engine, choice of 3 body colours (Bianco (white), Verde Chiaro (light green) or exclusive Celeste (celestial blue) with Bianco roof and mirror caps, 16-inch retro wheel design with a wide chromed lip, body-color accent and large center cap with historic "FIAT" emblem; a sport-tuned suspension and all-season performance tires, "FIAT" badges on the front fascia and rear liftgate, Avorio (ivory) interior, Marrone (brown) leather seats, Avorio accent stitching at the seatbacks and seat cushions and perimeter; Grigio (grey) door panels with a unique Avorio inner panel, Marrone door armrests and shift boot (with manual transmission) are color-keyed to the leather seats; exclusive Avorio leather-wrapped steering wheel with Marrone leather on the "inner ring" and features a retro "FIAT" badge; a uniquely styled key fob with Marrone casing and Avorio-painted "1957" graphic, six-speaker and 276-watt FIAT premium audio system with SiriusXM Radio, C514 five-speed manual transmission (optional six-speed automatic transmission with driver-selectable gear changes), driver-selectable "Sport" mode on the instrument panel.
The vehicles arrives at FIAT Studios in the Spring of 2014. Ordering for US model was set to begin in early 2014.
North American safety
On October 18, 2011, the North American Fiat 500 earned the IIHS (The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety) Top Safety Pick award. In 2011 Fiat sold 19,769 units of the Fiat 500 in the United States. Fiat 500 sales between January and September 2012 is 32,742 units.
The Fiat 500 and Fiat 500L scored a "Poor" rating on the IIHS small overlap crash test
Concept models
Fiat 500 Coupé Zagato concept (2011)
It included a double hump roof, a turbocharged Twin Air engine rated 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp)@5500rpm and 155 N·m (114 lb·ft)@2500rpm, 17-inch "chrome shadow" wheels with a brand new double spoked shape and synthetic inserts (made of APP-TECH), 205/40R17 tyres, 4 perforated brake discs.
The vehicle was unveiled at 2011 Geneva Motor Show.
The Zagato version was confirmed for production but no date has been given.
Zender Abarth 500 Corsa Stradale concept (2013)
The vehicle was unveiled at 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show.
Electric models
- Micro Vett
The Micro Vett electric Fiat 500 has been presented at the London Auto Show by the NICE Car Company. The Micro-Vett electric Fiat 500 is powered by a Lithium polymer - Kokam battery with a 22 kWh capacity and is able to get to a top speed of 60 miles per hour (97 km/h). The range of the Micro-Vett electric Fiat 500 is 70 miles (110 km) and after that will need 6-8 hours to re-charge it.
- Fiat 500 EV
The Italian automaker gave Swedish company EV Adapt permission to buy the stock 500, swap out the combustion motor for an electric one, and then resell the car as an EV. The vehicle is now available throughout Europe. Buyers have the option of purchasing a battery-less car for a reduced price, and then renting its battery pack (in partnership with Alelion Batteries, all vehicles from EV Adapt are equipped with Lithium iron phosphate batteries). The range is 120 kilometres (75 mi) and the max speed is limited to 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph).
Fiat 500 Elettra (2010)
Chrysler unveiled the Fiat 500 Elettra concept electric car in the 2010 North American International Auto Show. The carmaker announced its decision to build an electric version of the 500 for the U.S. market, with a powertrain to be developed at its Auburn Hills, Michigan headquarters. Initially the electric car was scheduled go into production in 2012.
Production and sales
Within three weeks of the 500's launch, the entire year's production of 58,000 had been sold out. To date, Fiat has received more than 205,000 orders for the 500. While Italy has been the 500's main market (in October 2007, some 9,000 cars had been sold in Italy, making it the 3rd bestselling car there), the 500 has gained a strong following in many countries. Fiat France had received more than 10,000 orders by the end of October 2007. To cope with demand, Fiat has announced that production has been increased to 200,000 in 2008. The 500 was launched on January 21, 2008 in the UK. 500,000 500s have been produced up to March 2010.
By the end of 2013, the Fiat 500 had accumulated over 1 million sales in Europe. In 2013, the 500 outsold the Fiat Panda to become Europe's best selling minicar for the first time since its launch.
In North America, initial sales were lower than anticipated, as of December 2011, only 16,000 500s were sold in North America, short of the initial goal of 50,000. Poor marketing and a shortage of dealers were blamed for the low numbers, Chrysler Group replaced North American head Laura Soave with Timothy Kuniskis, who was director of marketing for the Chrysler brand. 1,5 million mark of sold FIAT 500s was reached in 2015.
Marketing
The launch show
The launch show, which took place in the Turin's Murazzi del Po region, was a huge firework spectacle that also celebrated the 50th anniversary of the old 500 launch. The show was coordinated by Marco Balich, who was also responsible for Turin's 2006 Winter Olympic Games, and was an event never made before for a car launch. Several artists performed during the show, including Lauryn Hill, Israeli dancing group Mayumana, and others. In the first part of the show, artists reproduced scenes of the 60s, such as scenes from films by Federico Fellini, a Beatles show made by a cover band and Marilyn Monroe's iconic "Happy Birthday, Mr. President", which became "Happy Birthday, dear Cinquecento" (sung by a Marilyn cover to celebrate the original 500's fifty years). Several bikes also represented the Giro d'Italia competition, filmed by a camera man inside an original 500, just like in the 60s. Both the 500 and the bikes floated on the river.
The show was broadcast live by Italian Canale 5 and by a live video stream at fiat500.com, which was watched by over 100,000 people online.
"500 wants you"
A project called "500 wants you" was launched by Fiat as part of a major online advertising campaign. The project uses the Internet to involve the public in planning the evolution of the new vehicle. The official 500 Internet page has been visited by over four million people.
Black bear/Black panther
Print ads titled Black bear and Black panther were produced Leo Burnett agency for French market. The ads were premiered in September 2010.
Fiat 500 Cinema Challenge
As part of the Fiat 500C launch in Germany, an interactive game event was held inside movie theatre. Theatre attendants would find steering hands with a coupon that allows attendant to win a weekend with Fiat 500C. Attendants play the interactive game by trying to collectively drive two on-screen Fiat 500C cars around a uniquely designed race track.
The campaign was produced Leo Burnett agency.
Fiat 500 hand dryer
To demonstrate Fiat's Start & Stop system, Leo Burnett, Frankfurt developed the Fiat 500 hand dryer to promote its eco-friendly image.
500 by Gucci
As part of the 500 by Gucci product launch, a commercial featuring model Natasha Poly was produced. The commercial was shot by Mert Alas and Marcus Piggott in Rome, and conceived by Giannini. In addition, single and double-page print ads were also produced.
500 by Gucci short film collection
It is a series of 5 films starring the 500 by Gucci.
Papillon Polaroid (produced by Olivier Zahm (Editor in Chief of Purple Fashion magazine)) featuring Betony Vernon, is set at the Museo Casa Mollino, Torino, former home and now museum dedicated to Italian designer and architect, Carlo Mollino. This film would create a poetic combination of three pillars of Italian design: Fiat, Gucci, and Carlo Mollino.
The Race (produced by photographer and director Will Davidson) features Fiat 500 by Gucci.
Assembly line (produced by Chris Sweeney (Film Director for NOWNESS)) fuses two power houses of Italian design with a playful twist that brings the 500 to life in a completely unexpected way.
Reverse to Perfection (produced by Francesco Carrozzini) features luxury restores order with the Fiat 500 by Gucci.
Divergence (produced by Alexi Tan (Film Director)) features two lovers are having a secret affair. They long to be together and at the same time they know they shouldn't be. Just like their passionate encounters, their one of a kind cars, two Fiat 500 By Gucci also reflect the state of their relationship, moving fast apart but always finding a way to come back. She decides to leave once and for all, he makes the chase... will they return to one another one more time?
The films were premiered at the Independent Ideas headquarters in Milan, during a special event for a select audience of international journalists and opinion leaders, in the presence of Lapo Elkann.
North American launch campaign
A tagline 'Simply More' was used to define 'The Fiat 500 as everything you need and nothing you don't. It represents the notion that the simple things in life are treasures, alongside the thought that the richness and fullness of a life well-lived is defined by one's view of self-expression.'
In the 'Life Is Best When Driven' campaign, Jennifer Lopez was featured in the "My World" ad. The Smoking Gun reported the Big Block-produced commercial was shot in Los Angeles, and a body-double was used for the scenes showing the car driving through Lopez' 'hometown of the Bronx'. Following the production of the ad, the artists behind a copyrighted mural in the Bronx sued Chrysler for using the image in the commercial without their permission, which was later settled out of court in undisclosed terms. Jennifer Lopez later appeared in 2011 American Music Awards with a 2012 Fiat 500 during her performance of "Papi", a 30 and 60-second versions of Fiat 500 Pop commercial, and the Fiat 500C Gucci Edition ad titled 'Elegance'.
In the 500 Abarth 'Seduction' ad, Jennifer Lopez was replaced by Romanian model Catrinel Menghia. A Pop-Up Video version of the ad was also produced.
Another Fiat 500 TV commercial titled 'Liberation' debuted at the 2012 Golden Globes Award Show.
A new Fiat 500 Abarth TV commercial starring Charlie Sheen and the Abarth model Catrinel Menghia debuted during the 2012 NCAA Tournament.
Abarth 595 '50th Anniversary'
As part of Abarth 595 '50th Anniversary' launch, a series of commercial activities across the Abarth range and by an extremely digital communication plan which revolves around the new commercial: the essence of the Abarth brand concentrated in 5.95 seconds through an evocative and epic slow motion. The communication also goes through the channels more customary for the brand with the organisation of the first digital "rally" (where at least virtual 595 Abarth cars will be involved) and the most numerous anniversary ever, also celebrated with a fun App for iPhone, iPad, Android and Facebook through which Abarth fans can "play" their favourite tunes substituting the musical notes with the powerful sounds of the engines of the Abarth cars. There will also be events celebrating the anniversary.
2014 Fiat 500c GQ Edition
As part of 2014 Fiat 500c GQ Edition launch, the FIAT brand sponsored the 'How GQ Are You?' online photo sharing platform, where participants can upload photos of themselves to compete in online style contests, with winning participants awarded monthly prizes, culminating in December with the give-away of one Fiat 500c GQ Edition to the 'Most GQ Guy of the Year,' chosen by the public and the editors of GQ Magazine.
Awards
In 2011 the TwinAir engine used in the 500 was awarded with four awards in the International Engine of the Year competition.
- What Car? readers' affections 2007
- CAR Magazine: Car of the Year 2007
- EuroCarBody 2007 award
- European Car of the Year for 2008
- The World's Most Beautiful Automobile (City Car and Small Car category)
- AUTO EUROPA 2008
- Fifth Gear: Best Small Car 2007
- Top Gear: Best 'City Car' 2007
- Auto 1 Europa 2008 - (Auto Bild)
- 2008 'What Car?' Green Car of the Year Award
- Auto Express: "Best City Car" 2008
- evecars.com Best Supermini/City Car Award 2008
- evecars.com readers Sexiest Car of 2008
- Best Compact Car Consumers' Choice Award-Car of the Year in Japan
- 2009 World Car Design of the Year
- Auto Express: "Best City Car" 2009
- 2010 "What Car? Green Car of the year supermini category
- First place in the 2011 J.D. Power & Associates "Vehicle Owner Satisfaction Study" (conducted in Germany).
- Best City Car in the 2011 Fleet World Honours.
- Men's Journal: "Gear of the Year" award, 2011 Vehicle category (U.S. version).
Notes
References
Further reading
- (in Italian) (in English) Fiat 500 - by the people for the people, di Alessandro Sannia, ed. All Media, 2007, ISBN 88-903002-0-5
- (in Italian) (in English) Fiat 500 - l'evoluzione del mito, di Alessandro Sannia, ed. Gribaudo, 2007, ISBN 978-88-7906-385-2
External links
- Official Fiat 500 UK Page
- Official Fiat 500 website
- Official 500 Abarth site
- Official Fiat 500 Japan website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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